TAGALOG NAMES  ENGLISH and OTHER REGIONAL NAMES 
Alumahan   Long-jawed Mackerel
Apahap Sea bass; bulgan (Negros); Barramundi (Australia)
Asohos Whiting
Bakoko Sea bream, reddish variety or sweet lips; related to snapper, with a smaller mouth; passed off as grouper (lapu-lapu)
Bañgus Milkfish
Bisugo Threadfin bream
Betilya Emperor, white snapper; passed off as maya-maya
Blue marlin / Royal blue marlin Swordfish (billfish)
Chabita (isabita) Moonfish
Dalag Mud fish
Dalagang bukid Yellow tail fusilier
Danggit Rabbit fish with white dots
Dapa Indian halibut or tongue sole
Dilis Anchovy
Dorado or kabayo Mahi-mahi, dolphin fish
Espada Beltfish
Galunggong Hard-tail mackerel (galunggong babae); round scad (galunggong lalaki, muro-aji in Japan.
Gindara  Oil fish (escolar); two types: smooth-skinned and rough-skinned, the latter with a higher oil content; for both, servings of more than 6 oz or 150 g may cause bothersome loose oily stools, for which it has been referred to as "xenical' fish. 
Hasa-hasa Short-bodied mackerel
Hito Catfish
Isdang lawin Flying fish
Japayuki Mackerel
Kanduli  Salmon catfish  
Labahita Surgeon fish or unicorn fish
Lapu-lapu Grouper
Loro Parrot fish, brightly colored with beak-shaped mouth
Malasugui Black or white marlin
Maming Wrasse
Matang baka Purse-eyed scad
Matumbok Sailfish
Maya-maya Red snapper
Pagi Manta orsting ray
Palos Eel
Pampano Pomfret, silver or black
Pla-pla Tilapia bigger than 1 kg
Salay-salay Smooth-tailed trevally
Tambakol Skipjack tuna
Tamban Sardinella
Tanguingue, tangi, tanige Spanish mackerel; kingfish (U.S.); a bigger variety is called wahoo.
Tawilis Herring; found only in Taal Lake.

Sources
Kitchen Rescue. Reggie Aspiras. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nov 24, 2005