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Botany
· Small, dioecious tree,
growing to 4-8 meters.
· Leaves are peltate, ovate to oblong-ovate, 10-25 cm
long; margins, entire or toothed; base, rounded on slender, branched
peduncles.
· Flowers, female, found in simple panicled spikes or
racemes; capsues are 10-12 mm in diamter, covered with pale,
waxy glands and scattered, elongated spinelike processes.
Distribution
Thickets and secondary forests,
at low and medium altitudes.
Photo insert
Flower (L) and freshing cut branch
exuding reddish sticfky resin used as glue (R).
Parts utilized
Bark, leaves, roots.
Constituents
and properties
• Phytochemical studies of leaves
yielded three new constituents: tanarifuranonol, tanariflavanone, and
tanariflavanone D with seven known compounds.
• Chemical study on the bark of MT isolated 10 known tannins:
corilagin, mallotinic acid, geranilin, macarinin A, putranjivain B,
putranjivain A, mallotunin, mallophilnin, repandusicnic acid A and phyllanthusiin
C.
Uses
Folkloric
· Powdered roots used as emetic;
decoction for hemoptysis.
· Decoction of bark and roots used for dysentery and hemoptysis.
· Glue from stems applied to toothaches.
· Bushmedicine in Australia
records use of the latex, sticky and waterproof, as sutureless stiching
for deep cuts. source
Others
· Glue from the tree bark used
for fastening parts of musical instruments.
· Bark and leaves used in making "basi," a fermented
drink.
· Bark material used to make containers.
· Yields a high quality pulp and produces a high quality particleboard.
· Bark contains tannin used for toughening fishing nets.
Studies
• Prenylflavanones / Cytotoxicity: Macaflavanones A-G, Prenylated
Flavanones from the Leaves of Macaranga tanarius: The
study isolated seven new prenylated flavanones, macaflavanones A-G,
along with two known compounds. The cytotoxic activities of the isolated
flavanones were assayed, with macaflavanone being the most active.
• Radical-Scavenging Activities:
Four new megastigmane glucosides were isolatd. Manganoside A-C and
mallophenol B possessed a radical-scavenging activity.
• Antioxidant / Antibacterial: Evaluation
of antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-tyrosinase activities of four
Macaranga species: M. tanarius which showed the lowest total phenolic
content, exhibited the best FIC (ferous iron chelating). M. triloba
showed the best antibacterial activity.
• Leaf Constituents: Study yielded three new constituents from the leaves of M tanarius: tanarifuranonol, tanariflavanone C and tanariflavcanone D, together with sevcen other known compounds.
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Availability
Wild-crafted.
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