HOME      •      SEARCH      •      EMAIL    •     ABOUT


Family Cucurbitaceae
Melon-gubat
Cucumis maderaspatanus L.
MADRAS PEA PUMPKIN

Mao er gua

Scientific names Common names
Bryonia cordifolia L. Melon-gubat (Tag.)
Bryonia gracilis Wall. Madras pea pumpkin (Engl.)
Bryonia hispida Salisb. Bristly bryony (Engl.)
Bryonia maderaspatana (L.) Lam. Rough bryony (Engl.)
Bryonia micrantha Hochst. ex A.Rich.  
Bryonia micropoda E.Mey.  
Bryonia obtusa A.Rich.  
Bryonia rottleri Spreng  
Bryonia scabra Rottler ex Wight & Arn.  
Bryonia scabrella Linn. f.  
Coccinia codifolia (L.) Cogn.  
Cucumis maderaspatanus Linn.  
Melothria celebica Cogn.  
Melothria maderaspatana (Linn.) Cogn.  
Mukia celebica (Cogn.)  
Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M.Roem  
Mukia rottleri M. Roem.               
Mukia scabrella (L.f.) Arn.  
Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M.Roem. is a synonym of Cucumis maderaspatanus L.
Cucumis maderaspatanus L. is an accepted species. KEW: Plants of the World Online

Other vernacular names
CHINESE: Hong gua, Mao hua ma jiao er, Mao er gua.
HINDI: Agumaki, Aganaki, Bilari.
JAPANESE: Sango ju suzume uri.
KANNADA: Chitrati.(L
MALAYALAM: Chitrati.
MARATHI: Bilavi.
NEPALESE: Matyangre kankri.
SANSKRIT: Krtarandhrah, Musimusikkay, Trikosaki.
TAMIL: Musumuskkai, Nagilangiai.
TELUGU: Musumusukaya, Potti budamu.
THAI: Taeng nok, Taeng nu, Teng phi pluk.
WEST AFRICA: Kobion

Gen info
- Cucumis is a genus of twining, tendril-bearing plants in the family Cucurbitaceae, which includes the cucumber (Cucumis sativus), muskmelons (C. melo), the horned melon (C. metuliferus), and the West Indian gherkin (C. anguria).

Botany
Melon-gubat is a perennial herb with simple tendrils. Stems are climbing, long, slender, much-branched, angular, and covered with spreading, bristly hairs, with the young parts densely covered with white hairs. Leaves are ovate or triangular-ovate, variable in size, usually 5 to 9 centimeters long (but often only 2.5 to 4 centimeters) and 2 to 8 centimeters wide, very deeply heart-shaped at the base, pointed or obtuse at the apex, rather shallowly 5-lobed, coarsely toothed at the margins, and usually rough. Petioles are fully half as long as the leaves. Flowers are yellow and very small, the males occurring in fascicles and the females, singly. Calyx is hairy, with linear segments. Petals are ovate, and only about 2 millimeters long. Fruit is a berry, scarlet when ripe, rounded, 10 to 12 millimeters in diameter, and furnished with a few scattered hairs. Seeds are closely packed, ovoid, oblong, about 4 millimeters long, and compressed in the pulp.

Distribution
- Native to the Philippines.
- In open grasslands, old clearings, etc., at low and medium altitudes in Batan Island; Lepanto and Bontoc Subprovinces; Cavite and Laguna Provinces in Luzon; in Masbate; in Palawan and Mindanao.
- Also native to Andaman Is., Angola, Assam, Australia, Bangladesh, Benin, Borneo, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Repu, Chad, Congo, East Himalaya, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, India, Ivory Coast, Jawa, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesser Sunda Is., Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Northern Territory, Oman, Pakistan, Queensland, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Australia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Swaziland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Vietnam, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe.
(22)

Constituents
- Studies have yielded sugar, coumarins, amino acids, flavonoids.

- Phytochemical screening yielded flavonoids, saponins, and tannins.
- Screening of aerial parts yielded alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes and glycosides.
- Phytochemical studies of leaves have yielded spinasterol, 22,23-dihydrospinasterol, ß-sitosterol, decosaenoic acid, triterpenes, phenolic compounds, and glycosides.
- Roots have yielded columbin.
- Seeds have yielded linolenic, lenoleic and arachidic acids.
- Extracts of ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of Melothria maderaspatana aerial parts yielded steroids, triterpenes, and phenolic compounds. Studies have reported docosanoic acid, β- sitosterol and a pentaalochol. (13)
- Phytochemical screening of leaves yielded mainly dichloroacetic acid, 4-methylpentyl ester, 2-Butyn-1-ol, 4-methoxy, along with other constituents like flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates, steroids, tannins. (29)
- Various leaf extracts yielded alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, carbohydrates, phenols/tannins, flavonoids, and steroid/terpenoids. Various stem extracts yielded alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, carbohydrates, flavonoids, and steroid/terpenoids. (36)

Properties
- Sudorific, anti-flatulence, laxative.
- Studies suggest anxiolytic, anti-hypertensive, anitmicrobial, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, anti-platelet, antioxidant, diuretic, gastroprotective, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory properties.

Parts used
Seeds, roots, leaves.

Uses

Edibility
- Fruits reportedly edible.
Folkloric

- Seeds in decoction are sudorific; used for flatulence.
- Powdered leaves dusted over scabies.
- Crushed seeds used for aching bodies, especially with sprained backs.
- Seeds masticated to relieve toothache.
- Decoction of roots used for flatulence; when masticated, relieves toothaches.
- Tender shoots and bitter leaves are used as gentle aperient; also, for vertigo and biliousness.

- Roots used as diuretic and as laxative in constipation.
- Leaf sap given to children for treatment of amoebiasis. Leaf-sap used in wound dressings. Plant ash mixed with castor oil and rubbed over temples for relief of headache. Fruit used as vermifuge. Roots chewed for relief of facial neuralgia and toothache; root decoction used for flatulence. (41)
- In India, some tribes used the plant for diabetes. Also used for fever, anxiety, and to improve appetite.
- In West Bengal, India, leaves, roots, and seeds used for anorexia, arthritis, and acid reflux and as anti-inflammatory. (40)

Studies
Antihyperlipidemic / Cardio-hepato-renal Protective:
Study of crude ethanolic extract of leaf on deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats showed protective effects on the liver, kidney, and heart. Histopathology on the organs showed reduced damages towards normal histology. The protective effect was attributed to its antihyperlipidemic activity. (2)
Antihyperglycemic / Free Radical Scavenging:
An aqueous extract of Mm showed significant antihyperglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, and free radical scavenging activities in STZ-induced diabetic rats. (3)
Antioxidative Constitution of Leaves / Radical Scavenging and Metal Chelating Activities:
Study isolated saponarin, a major phenolic antioxidant, together with phenolics, flavonoid, carotenoids, vitamins C and E. The leaf extract showed potent in vitro antioxidant/radical scavenging and metal chelating activities. (4) Study evaluated various concentrations of aqueous extract of leaves for invitro antioxidant activity using various free radical scavenging assays such as DPPH, superoxide anion radical, ABTS, hydroxyl radical, H2O2, and reducing power assay. All concentrations of the leaf extract exhibited free radical scavenging and antioxidant power and preventive effects in a dose dependent manner. Antioxidant effect was compared to standards such as BHT, ascorbic acid, and α-tocopherol. (38)
Postprandial Glucose-Lowering Activity:
Study of extract of leaves in mice showed glucose-lowering activity within an hour of glucose load, probably partially through inhibition of sugar absorption in the small intestine. The effect was not as persistent as standard drug metformin. (5)
Anxiolytic / Leaves:
Study evaluated the anxiolytic activity of a hydro-alcoholic extract of leaves in Wistar albino rats through the elevated plus maze test in rats and socio-behavioral deficit test in mice. Results showed anxiolytic activity as shown by significant (p<0.05) increase in entry as well as time spent on open arm in maze test and reduced attempts at escape in the deficit test. (6)
Antihypertensive / Leaf-Tea:
Study results showed M. madaraspatana leaf-tea consumption gradually decreased BP and showed beneficial effects of lipid profile, fibrinogen, bilirubin and body mass index. (7)
Comparative Antimicrobial Activity:
In antimicrobial testing, the methanolic extract of the Sri Lankan variety of M. maderatapana showed pronounced activity against E. coli. A hexane extract of the Indian variety showed moderate antibacterial activity. Antifungal activity was negligible for both varieties. (8)
Hypolipidemic:
Study of hypolipidemic effect of aqueous extract of whole plant in high fat diet fed rats showed significant reduction in the lipid level comparable with the Navaka guggulu.
Blood Pressure Control / Electrolyte and Catecholamine Effect:
Study evaluated the protective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Mm leaf. Results showed good blood pressure control by enhancement of potassium and decrease of sodium levels, decrease epinephrine and catecholamines, prevention of eNOS down-regulation, and significantly down-regulating ET-1 protein expression. (9)
Antioxidant:
Study of aqueous extract of leaves for in vitro antioxidant activity showed effective scavenging of hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radicals. It also scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals, and was also found to have reducing power. All leaf extract concentration showed dose-dependent preventive effects. (10)
Anti-Diabetic / Phloroglucinol and Mukia:
Study evaluated Mukia extract and phenolics (quercetin and phloroglucinol) for in vitro antidiabetic activity. Phloroglucinol inhibited 100% of glucose production with or without insulin. Mukia inhibited gluconeogenesis by 45%. Mukia had no effect on glucose uptake, but potentiated the action of insulin-mediated glucose uptake. Results support the use of Mukia in folk medicine as antidiabetic nutraceutical. (12)
Antiplatelet Activity / Aerial Parts:
Study evaluated the effect of M. maderaspatana in platelet aggregation. An ethyl acetate extract showed dose-dependent antiplatelet activity. The degree of platelet aggregation was 50% when compared to standard Aspirin. (14)
Anthelmintic:
Study evaluated aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Mukia maderaspatana and Sida cordata for anthelmintic activity against common Indian earthworm, Pheretima posthuma, using Albendazole as standard. Aqueous extracts showed good activity compared to the ethanolic extracts.  (15)
Anti-Diabetic / α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities:
Study evaluated the invitro antidiabetic activity of an ethanolic extract of Mukia maderaspatana. Results showed dose dependent inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme, with lower inhibitory activity than acarbose. (16)
Antioxidant Properties from Different Parts:
Study showed leaves of M. maderaspatana is rich in ascorbic acid, higher than in fruits. The leaves also contain adequate amounts of phenolics and flavonoid contents higher than fruits. (17)
Antihyperglycemic / Hypolipidemic Effects:
Ethanol extracts of aerial parts were evaluated in STZ induced diabetes in Sprague-Dawley rats. Results showed significant antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, with glibenclamide as standard. (18)
Diuretic:
A hydroalcoholic extract of a powdered form of the plant showed significant diuretic activity when compared with standard drug azetazolamide. (19)
Anti-Ulcer / Leaves:
Study evaluated the anti-ulcer activity of crude aqueous extract of dried powdered leaves against stress induced ulcer models. Treatment with M. maderaspatana significantly restored the biochemical stress markers (MDA, GSH, gastric juice, volume and pH) to normal levels. (
20)
Antihypertensive / Leaves:
Study evaluated the antihypertensive effect of ethanolic extract of MME leaves on sham-operated and uninephrectomized DOCA-salt induced hypertensive male albino Wistar rats. Results showed significant reduction of blood pressure. (
24)
Nanoparticles / Antibacterial / Leaves:
Study reports on the synthesis of chromium oxide nanoparticles with Mukia maderaspatana plant extract. The antibacterial effect of Cr2O3 nanoparticles against E. coli was investigated. The particles showed to be an effective bactericide. (
23)
Effects of Leaf Tea Consumption:
Study on the effects of leaf-tea consumption on hypertensive volunteers showed gradual reduction of blood pressure and beneficial effects on blood lipid profile, fibrinogen and body mass index in patients with hypertension. (
25)
Larvicidal Against Dengue Mosquito Vector Aedes aegypti:
Study evaluated the effect of plant extracts of H. indicum and M. maderaspatana on different larval instars and pupae of A. aegypti. Essential compounds were used for control of larvae while extract was used for control of mosquitoes. Results showed a potential for utilization of the two plant species for control of Aedes aegypti. (
26)
Anti-Inflammatory:
Study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of whole plant methanolic extract of M. maderaspatana. The extract showed significant activity against protein denaturation and proteinase inhibition. It also showed reduction of paw edema in carrageenan induced rat. There was also significant inhibition of enzymatic antioxidant viz. SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST. (
27)
Antiulcer / Gastroprotective:
Study investigated the gastroprotective effects of ethanolic extract of MM against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. MM produced significant reduction in gastric mucosal lesions, malondialdehyde and serum tumor necrosis factor-α, with a significant increase in gastric juice mucin content and gastric mucosal catalase. NO, and prostaglandin E2 levels. The anti-ulcer effect was confirmed histologically. (
28)
Antidiabetic / Hypolipidemic:
Study investigated the anti-diabetic effects of M. madaraspatana and its possible mechanism of action in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Results showed antidiabetic activity as evidenced by decreased serum FBG, with decreased TC, triglycerides, LDL-C, and VLDL-C, as well as increased levels of HDL-C. The benefits were attributed to a strong antioxidant activity as evidenced by increased CAT, SOD, and decreased MDA. (
30)
Anticancer / Leaves:
Study investigated the anticancer potential of M. maderaspatana leaf extracts against human colon cancer cell lines (Colo320). Results showed significant cytotoxicity with induction of apoptosis and upregulation of enzymes vital to apoptosis. (
31)
• Immunomodulatory / Human Complement System: Study evaluated the effects of aqueous extracts of Melothria maderaspatana whole plant, O. octandra whole plant, and P. debelis leaves on human immune system. The extracts showed strong in vitro anticomplement effects on both classical and alternate pathways of the human complement system. Effects were dose dependent and more pronounced in the classical complement pathway. (32)
• Renal Protective / Uninephrectomized DOCA-Salt Hypertensive Rats / Leaves:
Study evaluated the renal protective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of MM leaf extract on uninephrectomized deoxycortisone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats. Results showed EAFM provided good blood pressure control and renal protective effects as evidenced by significantly lowered blood pressure and improved renal function markers of urea, uric acid, and creatinine, along with a significant decrease in levels of renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone. (33)
• Antidiabetic / Roots:
Study evaluated the antidiabetic activity of methanolic root extract of Mukia maderaspatana in alloxan induced diabetic rats. The extract showed significant (p<0.01) reduction of blood glucose,, lipid profile (except HDL), and serum enzymes, along with significantly increased (p<0.01) increase in total protein. (34)
• Protection Against D-Galactosame and TBH Induced Hepatocyte Damage:
Study evaluated the effect of M. mederaspatana extract on damage induced in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes by D-galactosamine and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH). Results showed reduction in TBH-induced lipid peroxidation. Post-treatment, the extract protective activity was found to decrease with increase in time of exposure of cells to either of the toxins. (35)
• Amelioration of STZ-Induced Diabetes Mellitus and Lipid Profile:
Study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of extracts and fractions of M. maderaspatana in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Results showed potent antidiabetic activity along with improvement of lipid and lipoprotein levels. (37)
• Gold and Silver Nanoparticles / Anticancer: / MCF-7 Breast
Cancer Cell Line Study investigated the invitro cytotoxic effect of biosynthesized metal nanoparticles on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Gold and silver nanoparticles were synthesized using M. maderastapanaa plant extract. The NPs showed significant cytotoxic effects with IC50 of 44.8 µg/g for gold NPs and 51.3 µg/g for silver NPs. (39)

Availability
Wild-crafted.


Updated September 2023 / May 2019 / November 2015

PHOTOS / ILLUSTRATIONS
IMAGE SOURCE: Mukia maderaspatana / Copyright © Nirmal Roberts / TrekNature / Click on graphic to see original source image
IMAGE SOURCE: File:Mukia maderaspatana 01.JPG / Vinaraya / 24 Aug 2013 / Click on graphic to see original source image / Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license / Wikimedia Commons
IMAGE SOURCE: Cucumis maderaspatanus / © eFLORAofINDIA / Non-commercial use / click on link or image to go to source page / Cr / eFLORA OF INDIA
IMAGE SOURCE: Mukia maderaspatana fruits / Vinaraya / CC BY-SA 4.0 International / Click on graphic to see original source image / / Wikimedia Commons

Additional Sources and Suggested Readings
(1)
Sorting Mukia names / MULTILINGUAL MULTISCRIPT PLANT NAME DATABASE
(2)
Antihyperlipidemic effect of Melothria maderaspatana leaf extracts on DOCA-salt induced hypertensive rats. / Veeramani C, Al-Numair KS, Chandramohan G, Alsaif MA, Pugalendi KV / Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2012 Jun;5(6):434-9.
(3)
Evaluation of anti-hyperglycemic and free radical scavenging activity of Melothria maderaspatana Linn. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats / S. Hemalatha*, A. K. Wahi, P. N. Singh and J.P.N. Chansouria / African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Vol. 4(11). pp. 817-822, November 2010
(4)
Antioxidative constitution of Mukia maderaspatana (Linn.) M. Roem. leaves / A J A Petrus, N Bhuvaneshwari and J A L Alain / Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, March 2011; 2(1): pp. 34-43
(5)
Ethanol Extract of Melothria Maderaspatana Inhibits Glucose Absorption and Stimulates Insulin Secretion in Male C57BL/6 Mice / Ashok Kumar Balaraman*, Jagadish Singh, Tapan Kumar Maity, Vaiyaburi Thamil Selvan and Suresh Babu Palanisamy / 2011 International Conference on Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics IPCBEE vol.5 (2011)
(6)
Anxiolytic Activity of Hydro-alcoholic Extract of Mukia maderaspatana Linn. Leaves on Experimental Animals / Sampath Saravanan, Sellimuthu Manokaran, and Salahudheen Chand / Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012; Volume 5, No 1
(7)
Effect of Melothria maderaspatana Leaf-Tea Consumption on Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile, Anthropometry, Fibrinogen, Bilirubin, and Albumin Levels in Patients with Hypertension /
Boobalan Raja, Kuppusamy Kaviarasan, Mangalam Muthu Arjunan, and Kodukkur Viswanathan Pugalendi / The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. April 2007, 13(3): pp 349-354 / doi:10.1089/acm.2006.5373.
(8)
Comparative Antimicrobial Activity of Aerial Parts of Melothria maderaspatana of Indian and Srilankan Origin / M.S. RIYAZULLAH*, V. SIVAKUMAR, AND P.PRASANNA RAJ / Int.J. PharmTech Res.2010,2(4)A
(9)
Protective effect of Melothria maderaspatana leaf fraction on electrolytes, catecholamines, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and endothelin-1 peptide in uninephrectomized deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertensive rats / Veeramani C, Al-Numair KS, Chandramohan G, Alsaif MA, Pugalendi KV. / J Nat Med. 2012 Jul;66(3):535-43. Epub 2012 Jan 14.
(10)
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of Melothria maderaspatana in vitro / Science Index
(11)
Sorting Maderaspatana names /Maintained by: Michel H. Porcher / MULTILINGUAL MULTISCRIPT PLANT NAME DATABASE / Copyright © 1995 - 2020 / A Work in Progress. School of Agriculture and Food Systems. Faculty of Land & Food Resources. The University of Melbourne. Australia.
(12)
Antidiabetic effects of Mukia maderaspatana and its phenolics: an in vitro study on gluconeogenesis and glucose uptake in rat tissues. / Srilatha BR, Ananda S. / Pharm Biol., 2014 May; 52(5): pp 597-602. / doi: 10.3109/13880209.2013.858268.
(13)
STUDIES ON MELOTHRIA MADERASAPATANA (LINN). COGN
/ B.N SINHA, J. THANIGAVELAN,. S.P BASU and E. SUKUMAR* / Ancient science of life Vol. No XV 3 January 1996, Pages 238-240
(14)
In vitro antiplatelet activity-guided fractionation of aerial parts of Melothria maderaspatana
/ RA Iman, B Lakshmi Priya, R Chithra, K Shalini, V Sharon, D Chamundeeswari, J Vasantha / Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2006, Vol 68, No 5: pp 668-670 / DOI: 10.4103/0250-474X.29646
(15)
In-vitro Comparative Study of Anthelmintic Activity of Mukia maderaspatana and Sida cordata / M. Lavanya*, G. Anusha, R. Seshu Lavanya, B. Mary Prasanna Kumari, P. Anand Kumar, M. Parvathi and D. Sandeep / INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Vol 2, No 2, Apr-June 2013.
(16)
α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of Mukia maderaspatana (L) Roem / Vadivelan Ramachandran / J Intercult Ethnopharmacol., 2012; 1(2): pp 97-100 / doi: 10.5455/jice.20120616023239
(17)
Antioxidant Properties From Different Parts Of Mukia Maderaspatana Biology Essay / UK Essays
(18)
Antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Melothria maderaspatana and Coccinia indica in Streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats / Ashok Kumar Balaraman, , Jagadish Singh, Sasmita Dash, Tapan Kumar Maity / Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, Volume 18, Issue 3, July 2010, Pages 173–178 / DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2010.05.009
(19)
STANDARDIZATION AND DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF MUKIA MADERASPATANA WHOLE PLANT IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS / Saravanan V.S Sampath / RESEARCH & REVIEWS: A JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE, VOL 4, NO 2 (2013)
(20)
Antiulcer Activity of Mukia maderasapatana on Stress Induced in Rats / Dhanaraj T.S.*, Murugaiah K., Sarmila / Asian J. Res. Pharm. Sci. 2012; Vol. 2: Issue 2, Pg 52-54
(21)
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFICACY OF MELOTHRIA MADERASPATANA LEAF EXTRACT ON SHAM- OPERATED AND UNINEPHRECTOMIZED DOCA-SALT HYPERTENSIVE RATS / Chinnadurai Veeramani, Balakrishnan Aristatle, Ganesan Pushpkvalli and Kodukkur Viswanathan Pugalendi / Journal of Basic & Clinical Physiology & Pharmacology, Vol. 21, No. I, 2010
(22)
Cucumis maderaspatanus L. / Synonyms / KEW: Plants of the World Online
(23)
Synthesis of Chromium(III) Oxide Nanoparticles by Electrochemical Method and Mukia Maderaspatana Plant Extract, Characterization, KMnO4 Decomposition and Antibacterial Study / Rakesh , S. Ananda, Netkal M. Made Gowda / Modern Research in Catalysis, Vol. 2 No. 4, 2013, pp. 127-135 / doi: 10.4236/mrc.2013.24018.
(24)
Antihypertensive Efficacy of Melothria maderaspatana leaf extract on shamoperated and uninephrectomized DOCA-salt hypertensive rats / C. Veeramani, B. Aristatle, G. Pushpavalli, K.V. Pugalendi / Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, Vol 21, Issue 1, Feb 2010
(25)
Effect of Melothria maderaspatana Leaf-Tea Consumption on Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile, Anthropometry, Fibrinogen, Bilirubin, and Albumin Levels in Patients with Hypertension / Boobalan Raja, Kuppusamy Kaviarasan, Mangalam Muthu Arjunan, and Kodukkur Viswanathan Pugalendi / The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. April 2007, 13(3): 349-354. / doi:10.1089/acm.2006.5373.
(26)
Larvicidal efficacy of leaf extracts of Heliotropium Indicum and Mukia maderaspatana against the dengue fever mosquito vector Aedes aegypti / V. Ramamurthy and S. Krishnaveni / Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, Volume 2, Issue 5
(27)
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF WHOLE PLANT METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MUKIA MADERASPATANA (L.) M.ROEM. (CUCURBITACEAE) / MALLIKADEVI, T.; PAULSAMY, S.; KARTHIKA, K.; JAMUNA, S. / International Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Science, Dec 2012 Supplement 5, Vol. 4: p 435
(28)
Gastroprotective potentials of the ethanolic extract of Mukia maderaspatana against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats / G. Gomathy, D. Venkatesan & S. Palani / Natural Product Research / DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.986726
(29)
Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of Mukia maderaspatana (L.) leaves. / G. Gomathy *, T.Vijay, K.Sarumathy, S.Gunasekaran, S.Palani / Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, Dec 2012; 2(12): pp. 104-106 / DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2012.21220
(30)
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY AND POTENTIAL MECHANISM OF MUKIA MADERASPATANA LINN. IN RATS INDUCED BY HIGH FAT DIET AND LOW DOSE STZ / R. Vadivelan* and S.P. Dhanabal / INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH, 2013; 3.72 / DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(10).4170-75
(31)
Anti-cancer potentials of Mukia maderasapatana (Linn) M. Roem leaf against colo320 cells extracts / Mujeera Fathima, Aneesh Nair and Florida Tilton / International Journal of Current Research, February 2013; Vol 5, Issue 02: pp 409-412

(32)
Immunomodulatory activity of three Sri-Lankan medicinal plants used in hepatic disorders / Thabrew MI, de Silva KT, Labadie RP, de Bie PA, and Van der Berg B / J Ethnopharmacol., May-Jun 1991; 33(1-2): pp 63-66
(33)
Renal protective effect of Melothria maderaspatana leaf fraction on uninephrectomized deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertensive rats / Chinnadurai Veeramani, Khalid S. Al-Numair, Govindasamy Chandramohan, Mohammed A. Alsaif, Kodukkur Viswanathan Pugalendi / Progress in Nutrition, 2014; 16(3): pp 204-211
(34)
Antidiabetic Activity of Methanolic Root Extract of Mukia maderaspatana in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats / Wani V. K., Dubey R. D., Verma S., Sengottuvelu S., Sivakumar T. / International Journal of PharmTech Research, Jan-Mar 2011 ; Vol 3, No 1: pp 214-220
(35)
Protection against galactosamine and tert‐butyl hydroperoxide induced hepatocyte damage by Melothria maderaspatana extract / M Ira Thabrew, Christopher D Gove, Robin D Hughes, Ian G McFarlane, Roger Williams / Phytotherapy Research, Nov 1995; 9(7): pp 513-517 / https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2650090710
(36)
Evaluation of Nutrient Composition and Antibacterial Potential of Leaf and Stem of Mukia Maderaspatana l. / M.Kavitha, Dr.P.T.Srinivasan, S.Lakshmi Priya and L.V.Jayakumar / IJPRAS: International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Science, 2013; 2(3): pp 68-76
(37)
Amelioration of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes Mellitus and Lipid Profile in Rats by Mukia Maderaspatana Linn / A V S Ravi Sai Nadh, P Rajeswara Rao, A Prameela Rani / International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, 2018; Vol 4, Issue 2
(38)
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of Melothria maderaspatana in vitro / Boobalan Raja, Kodukkur  Viswanathan Pugalendi / Central European Journal of Biology, April 2010, Volume 5, Issue 1: pp 224–230 / DOI: 10.2478/s11535-010-0005-5
(39)
Synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using Mukia maderaspatna plant extract and its anticancer activity / Guruviah Karthiga Devi and Kannaiyan Sathiskumar / IET Nanobiotechnology, March 2017; 11(4): pp 143-151 / DOI:   10.1049/iet-nbt.2015.0054
(40)
Ethnomedicinal Plants of the Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu, India
/ V.R. Mohan, A. Rajesh, T. Athiperumalsami and S. Sutha / Ethnobotanical Leaflets, 2008; 12: pp 79-95, 2008
(41)
Cucumis maderaspatanus / Ken Fern: Tropical Plants Database / Useful Tropical Plants

DOI: It is not uncommon for links on studies/sources to change. Copying and pasting the information on the search window or using the DOI (if available) will often redirect to the new link page. (Citing and Using a (DOI) Digital Object Identifier)

                                                            List of Understudied Philippine Medicinal Plants

HOME      •      SEARCH      •      EMAIL    •     ABOUT