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Family Apocynaceae
Kampanilya

Allamanda cathartica Linn.
YELLOW BELL
Huang ying

Scientific names Common names 
Allamanda aubletii Pohl. Campanilla (Span., Tag.) 
Allamanda cathartica Linn. Kampanero (Tag.) 
Allamanda hendersonii W.Bull ex Dombrain Kampanero (Tag.) 
Allamanda latifolia C.Presl. Kampanilya (Tag.) 
Allamanda linnaei Pohl Kompanaria (Tag.) 
Allamanda wardleyana Lebas Angel's trumpet (Engl.)
Allamanda williamsii auct. Cherries jubilee allamanda (Engl.)
Echites salicifolius Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. Cup of gold (Engl.)
Echites verticillatus Sessé. & Moc. Golden trumpet (Engl.) 
  Allamanda big flower (Engl.)
  Large yellow bell (Engl.)
  Thimble big flower (Engl.)
  Yellow allamanda (Engl.)
  Yellow bell (Engl.) 
  Yellow trumpet vine (Engl.)
• In the Philippines, the "yellow flower" is source of great confusion, especially when it refers to the "yellow bell." and "kampanilya." Kampanilya is a shared common between two species of plant: (1) Thevetia peruviana, campanilla, campanero and (2) Allamanda cathartica, campanilla, kampanero, goldfen trumpet.
•"Yellow bell" is a shared common name by (1) Allamanda cathartica (2) Allamanda neriifolia, and (3) Tecoma stans.
• Some compilations list Allamanda cathartica and Allamanda nerifolia as synonyms; others as separate species, but sharing in many of the common names.
"Trumpet" as coomon name is confusingly shared by many plants in the Philippines: (1) White trumpet tree, Tabebuia pallida (2) Tiwi, Dolichandrone spathacea (3) Trompeta, angel's trumpet, Datura arborea (4) Yellow bell, yellow trumpet, Stenolobium stans (5) Yellow allamanda, Golden trumpet bush, , Allamanda schottii (6) Lirio, Pink-striped trumpet lily, Crinum latifolium (7) Talong punay, Devil's trumpet,, Datura metel (8) Flaming trumpet vine, Pyrostegia venusta (9) Kampanilya, Angel's trumpet, Allamnda cathartica (10) Snake wood, Trumpet tree, Cecropia peltata (11) Trumpet lily, Lilium longiflorum.
Allamanda cathartica L. is an accepted name The Plant List

Other vernacular names
CHINESE: Huang ying, Ruan zhi huang chan.
CUBA: Barber, Cinco llagas, Collazo, Flor de barbero, Jasmin de tierra, Malasuegra.
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Mantequilla.
FRENCH: Allamanda, Canari, Liane a lait, Liane jaune, liane s'aime.
GERMAN: Allamande, Goldtrompete.
HAWAIIAN: Lani ali'i, Nani ali'i.
HINDI: Pilaghanti, Saithani phool.
INDIA: Malatilata, Ghanta phul, Harkakra.
MALAYSIA: Bungaa loceng.
MAORI: 'Aramena, Pua, Puapua, Pupua, Tiare rengarenga.
MEXICO: Jasmin de Cuba, Trompeta arialla, Trompetilla.
PORTUGUESE: Alamanda-amarela, Carolina, Dedal-de-dama.
SAMOAN: Pua taunofo.
SPANISH: Allamanda, Campana de oro, Copa de oro.
TAHITIAN: Piti.
TONGA: Pua, Pula.

Botany
Kampanilya is a vigorous, smooth, slightly hairy shrub growing 2 to 4 meters high. Leaves are opposite, in whorls of 3 or 4, although the upper ones may be scattered, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 8 to 12 centimeters long, 2.5 to 4 centimeters wide, pointed on both ends. Flowers are yellow and short-stalked. Calyx-teeth are green, somewhat spreading, lanceolate and 1 to 1.5 centimeters long. Corolla is about 7 centimeters long; the slender part of the tube being about 3 centimeters long; the tube inflated up to 2 centimeters in diameter; the lobes ovate or oblong-ovate, spreading, rounded and about 2 centimeters long.

Distribution
- Cultivated as ornamental garden plant.
- Occasionally semi-established in wild in thickets near dwellings or settlements.

- Introduced from tropical America.

Constituents
- Phytochemical studies revealed the main constituents to be alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and carbohydrates.
- Contains allamandin, a toxic iridoid lactone.
- Milky sap is considered antibacterial, possibly anticancer.

- Study of phospholipid fatty acid composition yielded 7-Methyl-5,9-octadecadienoic acid.
- Phytochemical analysis of an ethanolic leaf extract yielded 28 different compounds, the major constituents of which were 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (Z,Z,Z)-, n-hexadecanoic acid, 3-O-methyl-d-glucose and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid ethyl ester (Z,Z,Z)- (10.58%). The ethanolic stem extract of A. cathartica showed the presence of 26 different bioactive compounds, the major ones 3-O-methyl-d-glucose, 2-furancarboxaldehyde 5-(hydroxymethyl)-, n-hexadecanoic acid and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (Z,Z,Z)-. (12)
- Study of whole plant yielded eleven secondary metabolites, viz., allamandin (1), allamdin glucoside (2), betulinic acid (3), ursolic acid (4), 2,6,8-trihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (5), pinitol (6), heptacosanoic acid (7), heptacosane (8), β-sitosterol (9), β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside (10), and sucrose (11). (25)
- Study of extractives yielded five potent active compounds, i.e., glabridin, a new lignan (1-[3-(4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-4-methoxyphenyl] propane-1,2,diol), kaempferol, naringenin, and allamandicin. (see study below) (30)
- Study of floral extracts yielded phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, coumarins, quinones, phytosterols, protein, carbohydrates. (31)
- Study of whole plant yielded eleven important secondary metabolites: ursolic acid, ß-sitosterol, ß-sitosterol glucoside, betulinic acid, plumericine, allamdin glucoside, heptacosanoic acid, heptacosane, D-(+)-pinitol, 2,6,8-trihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one, and sucrose octaacetate. (see study below) (32)
- Study of acetone extract of flowers isolated iridoids: plumieride (1), plumieride p-Z-coumarate (2), plumericin (3), and allamandicin (4). (see study below) (37)
- Methanolic extract of leaves yielded carbohydrates, reducing sugars, hexose sugar, saponin glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, phenolic compounds, steroids, and proteins. (41)
- Phytochemical screening of stems, leaves, and flowers of Allamanda cathartica yielded tannins, flavonoids, terpenes, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, and absence of alkaloids in all three parts. Qualitative screening of stems, leaves and flowers yielded moisture content (%) of 1.50, 3.0. and 1.0; ash (%) 2.0, 4.0, 0.5; protein (%) 1.50, 6.80, 2.50; fats (%) 2.0, 3.0, 5.0; crude fiber (%) 24.0, 23.20, 22.0; carbohydrates (%) 72.0 60.0, 69.0, respectively. (42)
- Study of acetone extract of dried powder of leaves yielded three iridoid derivatives: plumieride (1), plumieride coumarate (2), and allamdin (3). (43)

Properties
- In the Philippines, whole plant is considered poisonous.

- As the name implies, the leaves, roots and flowers may be used in preparing a powerful cathartic.
- Considered purgative, cathartic with hydrogogue effect, healing, diuretic.
- Studies have suggested antidermatophytic, wound healing, antiproliferative, antifertility, antibacterial, antifungal, anticholinesterase, membrane stabilizing, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antiviral, hepatoprotective, thrombolytic, tyrosinase inhibitory properties.

Parts utilized:
Leaves, bark, latex.

Uses
Folkloric
- The plant draws its name from Allamand, who made the plant known a century and a half ago, who used a cathartic infusion of the leaves for colic.
- Infusion of leaves in moderate doses is an excellent cathartic; in considerable doses, it is purgative and a violent emetic.
- The bark and latex in small doses are considered cathartic; in large doses, poisonous.
- Decoction of the bark is a hydragogue; infusion of leaves is cathartic.
- Decoction of leaves in small doses used as antidote for poisoning.
- Extract of leaves used for colic and as laxative; in large doses causes diarrhea and vomiting.
- In Trinidad, used for treating malaria and jaundice.
- In Guiana, the latex is used as a purgative and employed for colic.
- In Surinam, the plant is used as a cathartic.
- In Ayurvedic and Unani medicine, used for healing of wounds and ulcers; bark used as hydragogue in ascites, leaves used as cathartic, roots used for snake bites, whole plant used for jaundice and malaria. (32)

Studies
Purgative Effect / Leaves: Study suggests Allamanda cathartica leaf extracts can elicit a purgative effect by increasing intestinal motility, in part, via muscarinic receptor activation. Main constituents were flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and carbohydrates. (1)
Wound Healing: The study of aqueous extract showed significant wound healing activity in wound models studies with decrease epithelizations time, high skin breaking strength, and increase in granulation tissue weight and hydroxyproline content. The Allamanda leaf extract possesses better wound healing activity than the Laurus nobilis. (2)
Reversible Antifertility Effect: The study on the oral administration of aqueous leaf extract of AC showed reversible suppression of fertility in male mice – organ weight, testosterone levels, sperm parameters among others – without detectable toxic effects. (3)
Plumieride / Antidermatophytic: Plumieride, an active principle isolated from the leaves of AC showed strong fungitoxicity against some dermatophytes causing dermatomycosis to both humans and animals. (4)
Purgative Effect : Study showed the aqueous extract of leaves of Ac could produce a purgative effect by increasing intestinal motility, partly through muscarinic receptor activation.
(5)
Anti-Proliferative / Cytotoxic: Study evaluated the anti-proliferative effect of A. blanchetti and A. schottii on K562 leukemic cells. Results showed both plants exhibited cytostatic and cytotoxic activity, the most active were located in the roots. (6)
Antimicrobial: Study of leaf extract of A. cathartic showed antimicrobial activity – the chloroform extract showed significant activity against Shigella dysenteriae, moderate activity against B subtilis, P aeruginosa and a niger. (7)
Bioactive Iridoids / Cytotoxic: Study of ethanol extract of A cathartica and H fallax isolated a weakly cytotoxic isoplumericin and plumericin. (8)
Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Activity: Study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of a methanolic extract of Allamanda cathartica and Piper nigrum in a carageenan-induced paw edema model. Results showed a synergistic interaction between A. cathartica and P. nigrum. (10)
Thrombolytic Activity / Leaves: Study evaluated a crude methanolic extract of leaves and its fractions for possible thrombolysis and cytotoxic activities. Soluble fractions of chloroform and hexane extracts showed clot lysis activity, 34.51 ± 0.669% and 32.179 ± 0.581%, respectively. Streptokinase and water were used as positive and negative controls. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, fractions showed significant cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp nauplii with LC50 of 1.45, 5.00 and 5.24 µg/ml fr chloroform, hexane, and carbon tetrachloride soluble fractions, respectively. (13)
Seeds as Biofuel: Study evaluated the possibility of using yellow bell seeds crude extract as fuel. Results showed a potential for the crude extract to be a substitute for kerosene and alcohol. (14)
Antiviral Activity: Study evaluated crude hexane extracts from stem and leaf for antiviral activity on the replication of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) in Spodoptera frugiperda cell line (Sf9). Results showed the extract affected DNA replication of AcMNPV in Sf9 cell line when the extract was added at 1 h post- infection. (15)
Anti-MDR Staphylococcus aureus: Study evaluated the prevalence of multidrug resistance S. aureus in human clinical sample and its sensitivity to A. cathartica leaf extract. Results showed the leaf extract would be useful in developing drugs that can reduce the prevalence of MDR Staphylococcus aureus causing clinical infection in human. (16)
Antipyretic / Anti-Inflammatory / Leaves: Study evaluated ethanolic extract of Allamanda cathartica for anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities on carrageenan induced paw edema and brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. Results showed significant suppression of paw edema development and significant decrease in body temperature. (18)
Antioxidant / Membrane Stabilizing / Antimicrobial: Study evaluated a methanol extract of leaves and soluble partitionates of A. cathartica showed significant membrane stabilizing activity, mild to moderate antioxidant and weak antimicrobial potentials. (19)
Hepatoprotective / Cytotoxicity: Study evaluated the hepatotoxic and cytotoxic activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts from flowers and roots of Allamanda cathartica on BRL 3-A cell lines. Cell viability was inhibited to various extents by the extracts. A flower extract showed 83.9% protection with galactose as hepatotoxicant, compared to Silymarin at 95.13% protection. (20)
Anthelmintic / Leaves: Study showed the efficacy of crude extract of leaves as anthelmintic against pig roundworms Ascaris suum. Albendazole was used as reference drug. (21)
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles / Antimicrobial: Silver nanoparticles has important application in medicine as antimicrobial agent. Study reports on the rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extract of Allamanda cathartica. A. cathartica aqueous leaf extract of SNPs showed highest toxicity to Pseudomonas followed by Klebsiella, Bacillus and E. coli. (22)
Sensitivity of Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to Leaf Extract: Study evaluated the sensitivity of multidrug resistant S. aureus in human clinical sample to A. cathartica leaf extract. 75% of the isolates were resistant to streptomycin, with varying resistance to azithromycin, chloramphenicol, gentamycin and erythromycin. The crude leaf extract was found to possess antibacterial properties of 83.33% against S. aureus isolates. (23)
Plumericin / Antifungal: Study evaluated five Allamanda species for antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. M. cathartica exhibited potent inhibitory effect and suppressed mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides up to about 70%. Activity was attributed to the tetracyclic sesquiterpene plumericin. (24)
• Allotides / Cystine Knot α-Amylase Inhibitor: Cystine know α-amylase inhibitors (CKAIs) belong to a knottin family of plant derived α-amylase inhibitors. CKAIs have received attention for potential in the treatment of obesity and diabetes. In this study, five new α-amylase inhibitors, members of the CKAI family were isolated from A. cathartica, name allotides C1-C5. (27)
• Silver Nanoparticles / Antioxidant / Antibacterial / Flowers: Study reported on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Allamanda cathartica flower extracts as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agent. The AgNPs showed significant antibacterial and antioxidant activity, with a potential for biomedical applications. (29)
• Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity / Glabridin: Study of A. cathartica extractives identified five potent compounds, glabridin, new lignan, kaempferol, naringenin, and allamandicin. Glabirdin showed highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity (IC50 2.93 µM), which was 15 times stronger than kojic acid used as positive control. (30)
• Bioactive Secondary Metabolites: Study of whole plant isolated eleven important secondary metabolites: ursolic acid, ß-sitosterol, ß-sitosterol glucoside, betulinic acid, plumericine, allamdin glucoside, heptacosanoic acid, heptacosane, D-(+)-pinitol, 2,6,8-trihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one, and sucrose octaacetate. Compound 4, ursolic acid, was major component (1.118%), followed by allamdin glucoside (0.0353%) and betulinic acid (0.019%), all considered to have antimicrobial and anticancer properties. (32)
• Antidermatophytic: Study evaluated the antifungal activities of chloroform and methanol extracts of A. cathartica and Piper betle against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. tonsurans and Microsporum gypseum in vitro. Both plants showed antidermatophytic properties, with the chloroform extracts showing better efficacy than the methanol extracts. No synergism was noted as A. cathartica showed better activity than the mixture. (34)
• Antidiabetic / Aerial Parts: Study evaluated the anti-diabetic efficacy of Allamanda cathartica aqueous extract administered for 28 days to alloxan induced diabetic rats. Results showed a significant dose dependent reduction in blood glucose levels, serum enzymes SGPT and SGOT and increase in body weight. The antidiabetic activity could be due to increase release of insulin from the beta cells of the pancrease of due to a potentiating effect on insulin. (35)
• Antioxidant / Leaves: Study evaluated the free radical scavenging potential of A. cathartica in CCl4 treated rats. Increased concentrations of A. cathartica showed significant antioxidant levels similar to tocopherol (vitamin E). Phytochemical screen yielded reducing sugar, saponins, flavonoids and alkaloids. A. cathartica exhibited significant antioxidant defense mechanisms for blood and liver tissue. (36)
• Anticholinesterase / Antifungal / Iridoids from Flower: Study of acetone extract of flowers isolated iridoids: plumieride (1), plumieride p-Z-coumarate (2), plumericin (3), and allamandicin (4). Plumericin and allamandicin exhibited anticholinesterase activity with IC25 of 1543.9 mg/ml and 434 mg/ml, respectively. Plumieride showed zone of inhibition of 18 mm against C. albicans and 15 mm against Aspergillus sp. (37)
• Antifungal / Flowers and Leaves: Study evaluated A. cathartica extracts of flowers and leaves for antifungal activity using disc diffusion assay against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Candida albicans was the most susceptible while T. mentagrohytes was found to be resistant. Best activity was found in the alkaloid extract of leaf against C. albicans. Results suggest a potential for nature based antifungal preparations. (38)
• Anti-Dermatophytic / Whole Plant: Study evaluated dichlormethane and ethanol extracts of whole plant of A. cathartica for antidermatophytic activity against two pathogenic dermatophytes viz., Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum gypseum. The DCM extract exhibited highly potent activity at 200 pg/disc. The ME showed no activity. (39)
• Flower Vase-Life Longevity / Gibberellic Acid: Study evaluated the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) and aluminum salt (aluminum sulfate) on longevity (vase life and senescence) of the flower. Compared to control flower, the vase life of both aluminum and gibberellin-treated flowers much longer (8.5 and 5.5 days) than control (4 days). The best treatment for increasing vase life and delaying senescence was aluminum sulfate 150 ppm and then gibberellin 150 ppm. (40)

Availability
- Wild-crafted.
- Ornamental cultivation.

© Godofredo U. Stuart Jr., M.D. / StuartXchange

Updated April 2019 / July 2018 / September 2015

Photo © Godofredo Stuart / StuartXchange
OTHER IMAGE SOURCE / Public Domain / File:Allamanda cathartica Blanco1.30-original.png / Flora de Filipinas / Franciso Manuel Blanco (OSA), 1880-1883 / Wikimedia Commons / Modification by G Stuart

Additional Sources and Suggested Readings
(1)
Gastrointestinal Effects of Allamanda cathartica Leaf Extracts / Ptere A Akah and Veronica N Offiah / Pharmaceutical Biology, 1992; Vol 30, No 3: pp 213-217 / DOI 10.3109/13880209209054001
(2)
Evaluation of wound healing activity of Allamanda cathartica. L. and Laurus nobilis. L. extracts on rats / Shivananda Nayak et al / BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006; 6:12 / doi:10.1186/1472-6882-6-12 / PMID: 16597335
(3)
Reversible antifertility effect of aqueous leaf extract of Allamanda cathartica L. in male laboratory mice / A. Singh & S. K. Singh / Andrologia, 2008; Volume 40, Issue 6: pp 337 - 345
(4)
Plumieride from Allamanda cathartica as an antidermatophytic agent / T. N. Tiwari et al / Phytotherapy Research, 2002; Volume 16, Issue 4: pp 393 - 394 / DOI: 10.1002/ptr.967
(5)
Gastrointestinal Effects of Allamanda cathartica Leaf Extracts / Peter A. Akah and Veronica N. Offiah / Summary Pharmaceutical Biology • 1992, Vol. 30, No. 3, Pages 213-217 / DOI 10.3109/13880209209054001
(6)
Evaluation of the anti-proliferative effect the extracts of Allamanda blanchetti and A. schottii on the growth of leukemic and endothelial cells / Dionezine de F. Navarro Schmidt et al / J Pharm Pharmaceut Sci (www.cspscanada.org) 9(2):200-208, 2006
(7)
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activities of Four Medicinally Important Plants in Bangladesh / Mohammad Rashedul Islam et al / European Journal of Scientific Research, ISSN 1450-216X Vol.39 No.2 (2010), pp.199-206
(8)
Bioactive Iridoids and a New Lignan from Allamanda cathartica and Himatanthus fallax from the Suriname Rainforest / Maged S Abdel-Kader et al / J. Nat. Prod., 1997, 60 (12), pp 1294–1297 / DOI: 10.1021/np970253e
(9)
5,9-Nonadecadienoic acids in malvaviscus arboreus and allamanda cathartica / Néstor M Carballeira and Clarisa Cruz / Phytochemistry, Volume 49, Issue 5, 5 November 1998, Pages 1253–1256
(10)
STUDY OF THE SYNERGISTIC ANTI INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ALLAMANDA CATHARTICA LINN AND PIPER NIGRUM LINN / Kirtee Khairnar, Lekshmy H, Milind j Bhitre / International Journal of Ayuvedic and Herbal Medicine, Vol 1, No 2, 2011
(11)
Allamanda cathartica (Cherries Jubilee Allamanda) / Common names / ZipcodeZoo
(12)
Phytochemical studies on Allamanda cathartica L. using GC-MS / Prabhadevi V, Sahaya Sathish S, Johnson M*, Venkatramani B3, Janakiraman N / Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine (2012)S550-S554

(13)
Thrombolytic Activity and Preliminary Cytotoxicity of Five Different Fractions of Methanol Extract of Allamanda cathartica Leaf / Rehan Sarker, Tasnuva Sharmin, Sharmin Reza Chowdhury and Farhana Islam / Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2012; 2(7): pp 129-132 / DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2012.2717
(14)
Yellow Bell Seeds (Allamanda cathartica L.) Crude Extract as Fuel / Mac Michael Rado , Vanessa Doctor, Preslito Valledor, Catherine dela Cruz Loreto Gopez III / Investigatory Project Collection
(15)
Antiviral Activity of Crude Hexane Extracts from Allamanda cathartica on the Replication of Autographa californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus / Ounruan Petcharawan*, Nonlapan Paitoon, Preyanuch Sripaiboon and Siriwan Saelee / KMITL Sci. Tech. J. Vol. 12 No. 1 Jan. - Jun. 2012
(16)
Prevalence of multidrug resistance in human pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and their sensitivity to Allamanda cathartica L. leaf extract / Md. Al Nayem Chowdhury, Md. Nazmul Hossain, Md. Mahbubur Rahman, Md. Ashrafuzzaman / DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i11.16525 / International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, October 2013, 2(11): 185-188
(17)
Allamanda cathartica L. / Synonyms / The Plant List
(18)
Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Pyretic Activities Of Allamanda cathartica L. Leaves In Rats / S Saranya and M Chitra / VRI Phytomedicine, 2014; Vol 2, Issue 1: pp 13-16 / DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14259/pm.v2i1.85
(19)
In vitro antioxidant, total phenolic, membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial activity of Allamanda cathartica L.: A medicinal plant of Bangladesh / Rehan Sarker, Tasnuva Sharmin, Farhana Islam and Sharmin Reza Chowdhury* / Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3 January 2014; Vol. 8(1): pp. 63-67 /
DOI: 10.5897/JMPR12.1273
(20)
IN VITRO HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ALLAMANDA CATHARTICA L.ON THE BRL3A CELL LINE
/ Nisha Pothan, Jyoti Harindran / International Journal of Institutional Pharmacy and Life Sciences, May-June 2014; 4(3): pp 1-11
(21)
Efficacy of Allamanda cathartica (Yellow Bell) as Anti-helmintic Agent / Robin C. At-at, Maria Concepcion G. Badar, Rickver Jaye A. Diez, Fernan Manaloto, John Dave A. Sicat, Elenita Domingo / Fatima University Research Journal, 2013; Vol 5, No 1
(22)
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by L. Leaf Extract and Evaluation for Antimicrobial Activity / M. Linga Rao, G. Bhumi and N. Savithramma / International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Dec 2014; Volume 6, Issue 4: pp 2260-2268
(23)::
Prevalence of multidrug resistance in human pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and their sensitivity to Allamanda cathartica L. leaf extract / Md. Al Nayem Chowdhury, Md. Nazmul Hossain, Md. Mahbubur Rahman, Md. Ashrafuzzaman / International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, Vol 2, No 11 (2013)
(24)
Bioassay-guided Isolation of Antifungal Plumericin from Allamanda Species (Apocynaceae) / Farah F. Haron, Kamaruzaman Sijam, Dzolkhifli Omar and Mawardi Rahmani / Journal of Biological Sciences, 13: 158-162, 2013 / DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2013.158.162
(25)
Chemical investigation of bioactive secondary metabolites from Allamanda cathartica
/ Santosh Kumar Rath / 3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry & Natural Products, October 26-28, 2015 Hyderabad, India
(26)
Efficacy of mixture of garlic, allamanda and neem extract against shoot and fruit borer of eggplant / M. Moniruzzaman, M.B. Meah, M.H. Rahman, A.T.M.S. Islam and M. Shahiduzzaman / J. Agrofor. Environ. 4 (1): 207-210, 2010 ISSN 1995-6983
(27)
Allotides: Proline-Rich Cystine Knot α-Amylase Inhibitors from Allamanda cathartica
/ Phuong Q T Nguyen, Thuy T Luu, Yang Bai, Giang K T Nguyen, Konstantin Pervushin, and James P Tam / J. Nat. Prod., 2015; 78(4): pp 695–704 / DOI: 10.1021/np500866c
(28)
Chemical composition, antioxidant activities and protein profiling of different parts of Allamanda cathartica / Amjad Hameed, Ghazala Nawaz, and Tahsin Gulzar / Natural Product Research, 2014; Vol 28, Issue 22
(29)
Allamanda cathartica flower's aqueous extract-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles with excellent antioxidant and antibacterial potential for biomedical application / Gopalu Karunakaran, Matheswaran Jagathambal, Alexander Gussy, Evgeny Kolesnikov / MRS Communications, March 2016; Vol 6, Issue 1: pp 41-46 / https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2016.2
(30)
Isolation, Identification and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities of the Extractives from Allamanda cathartica / Kosei Yamauchi, Tohru Mitsunaga, Irmanida Batubara / Natural Resources, Sept 2011; Vol 2, Issue 3 / DOI: 10.4236/nr.2011.23022  
(31)
Screening of select ornamental flowers of the family Apocynaceae for phytochemical constituents / Joseph Joselin, Thankappan Sarasabai Shynin Brintha, Augustian Rajam Florence, Solomon Jeeva* / Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease (2012); S260-S264
(32)
Chemical investigation of bioactive secondary metabolites from Allamanda cathartica
/ Santosh Kumar Rath
(33)
Allamanda cathartica / Common names / PIER
(34)
Evaluation of Antidermatophytic activity of Piper betle, Allamanda cathertica and their combination: an in vitro and in vivo study / K. K. Sharma, R. Saikia, J. Kotoky*, J. C. Kalita, J. Das / International Journal of PharmTech Research, 2011; 3(2)
(35)
Anti-Diabetic Activity of Aqueous extract of aerial parts of Allamanda Cathartica Linn. in Diabetic Rats Induced by Alloxan / Satish S, Chitra / International Journal of Comprehensive and Advanced Pharmacology, April-June 2017; 2(2): pp 50-54
(36)
In vivo antioxidant assessment of two antimalarial plants-Allamanda cathartica and Bixa orellana
/ O A Conrad, I P Dike, U Abgara / Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine , 2013
(37)
Anticholinesterase and antifungal of some iridoids from the flower of Allamanda cathartica (Apocynaceae) / J Nahry, N Ahmat, R Ahmad, S Ariffin / Planta Med 2016; 82(S 01): S1-S381 / DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1596220
(38)
Allamanda cathartica Linn.: Extraction and pharmaceutical evaluation of various extracts of leaves and flowers / Meenakshi Fartyaal / International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, 2016; 8(4) / DOI: 10.22159/ijcpr.2016v8i4.15272
(39)
Studies on antidermatophytic effect of Allamanda cathartica / Ainun Nahar, Syed Ashrafuzzaman, M. N. Islam and M. Shah Alam / Bangladesh J Pharmacol., 2010; 5: pp 5-7 / DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v5i1.4610
(40)
Development of Longevity of AllamandaFlower as Affected by Gibberellic Acid and Aluminium Salt / A B M Sharif Hossain / Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2015; 9(4): pp 178-185 / DOI: 10.3923/rjes.2015.178.185 
(41)
Pharmacognostical Studies on Leaves of Allamanda cathartica with Detail Physicochemical and Phytochemical Evaluation / Kirteebala P. Pawar, Milind J. Bhitre, Priyanka V. Kalamkar, Mohan K. Kale / Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2015; 7(2)
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Comparative Phytochemical Screening and Nutritional Potentials of the Stems, Leaves and Flowers of Allamanda Cathartica (Apocynaceae) / Uduak A. Essiett and Esther S. Udo / International Journal of Science and Technology, Jun e 2015; Vol 4, No 6: pp 248-253
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Phytochemical Constituents from the Flower of Allamanda Catharica (Apocynaceae) / Jamilul Nahry, Norizan Ahmat, Agustono Wibowo, Siti Khadijah Sulaiman, Nik Khairunnisa N. A. Zawawi and L. M. Ramadhan Al Muqarrabun / The Open Conference Proccedings Journal, 2013; Volume 4

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